Double-acting force-pump



' 2 SheetsvSheet 1.4,

Patented`Apr. 13 1886 J. WATERS. DOUBLE,'f w'TINGr FORGE BUMP.

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YWA al (No Model.)

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JAMES VATERS, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

DOUBLE-ACTING FORCE-PUMP.

SPEGIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent No. 340,020, dated April 13. 1886.

Application filed April 1-2, 1884. Serial No. 127,674. (No model.)

" To all whom t may concern: shown. Upon the top of this central chamber Be it known that I, JAMES VATERS, a citiis secu red the air-,chamber O, above mentioned, zen of the United States, and a resident of the top B2 of the central chamber forminga Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin, in di-visionbetween the central and air chambers, 55 5 the State of Minnesota, have invented certain and the top A3 of thevacuum-chamber formy new and useful Improvements in Double-Actingadivision between the central and vacuum ing Force-Pumps,of which the following specichambers. iication is a full, clear, and exact desciiption, The top B2 oi' the central chamber is proreference being also had to the accompanying vided with ports c2 and springevalves d, di- 6o 1,; drawings, in whichrectly above and similar to the port-s c and Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional View on valves d d2 of the vacuum-chamber. Thus the line x :c of Fig. 2. Fig. 2is a vertical secthe only communication between the central tion on the line y y of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a verchamber and the vacuum-chamber and betical section on the line z z of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 tween the central chamber and the air-cham- 65 'i I5 is a horizontal section ofthe vacuum-chamber ber is through the ports c c2 and valves d d2 d3. on the line w 'w of Fig. 3. D is the discharge or outlet formed in the Thisinvention relatesto double-acting forcetop B2, and leadingdown through the upper pumps; and it consists in the construction and part of the central chamber and out through arrangement of parts hereinafter shown, and its side.V By this manner of arranging the dis- 70 specifically dened by the claim. charge-pipe the air-chamber can be removed The pump-casing consists ofavacuum-chamwithout the necessity of disconnecting the ber, a central chamber, and an air-chamber, discharge-pipe or disturbing other parts ofthe l the said central chamber being placed between pu mp-casin g. I the vacuum-chamber and air-chamber, and The central chamber is. divided throughthe 75 t divided into compartments, and each comcenter by a division-wall, B3, at right angles partment provided with an independent plunto the division-wall formed by the tubes b b2 ger and set of valves. and webs b3 in the vacuum-chamber, thereby A represents a base-plate, upon which is forming the central chamber into two separate secured a cylindrical chamber, A2, having av compartments, with a pair of the valves d d2 8o l 3o closed top, A3, the whole forming the vacuumd3 leading into and discharging from each chamber above mentioned.' a is a suction or compartment. inlet pipe leading into this vacuumLchamber, Formed in the sides of the central chamber, P and b b2 are two tubes projecting downward near its top, are two plunger-cylinders, 1" E2,

into the chamber from the under side ofthe one opening into each of the separate com- 85 top A3, as shown. The sides of these tubes partments formed by the wall B3, and each cyl- Y are connected to each other and to the sides inder provided with a hollow plunger, F F2, A2 of the chamber by webs b3, so that the tubes suitably packed by stuffing-boxes c e2. The and webs form a division-wall across the chaminner ends ot these plungers are formed coneber, extending down a little more than halfshaped, as shown at g g2, and with their opgc 4o way to thcbase A', thereby partially dividing poste ends opening outward through the the vacuum-chamber into two compartments, stuiiing-boxes. AAintoone of which theinlet-pipe ct leads. h. h2 are two blocks7 or heads7 fitting Valve-ports c' are formed through the top A3 into the inner ends of the plungers F F2, and into the tubes b b2, and each set of ports is secured therein by bolts '122, tapped into them 95 provided with a spring-valve, d and d2, openthrough the points of the conical ends g g2. ing upward, as shown. Upon top of this vac- These heads are formed with slots KK2 across num-chamber is secured the central chamber them in one direction, and with large pins m above mentioned, consisting of a tubular sec- 'm2 fitting through them at right angles tothe tion, B', of the same diameter, but longer than slots. 10o 5o the cylindrical section AIl ofthe vacuum-chani- G G2 are two arms or brackets attached to ber, and provided with a closed top, B2, as'

or formed in one piece with the central 'chamber, and provided with bearings n n2 on their outer ends. in which a crank-shaft, I-I, is journaled. as shown. This crank -shaft is provided with two oppositely-branching cranks, H2 attached bv connecting rods I l and straps l3 I4 to the pins mm'Z in the heads h h2. By this means the revolution of' the crankshaft will move the plungers F F2 outward and inward alternately, and cause the water to be drawn up th rough the inlet a and valves d d2 and discharged through the valves d3 into the airchamber G, and thence out through the discharge-pil'ie D'.

By dividing the centrall chamber into two compartments and providing cach compartment with its own imlependent plunger and set of valves', I form a double-acting pump with one inlet and one outlet chamber com mon to both. By this forni'ot' the casing and plungers a very high speed may be given to the plungers without danger of breaking the pump or bursting the pipes from the pressure of the water, as the latter merely follows the plungers when they recede, and by the conical forni of the inner ends of the plungers when they are forced inward again they very easily and smoothly displace a quantity of the water equal to their bulk, and force it up through the valves d3 without any sudden pressure or pounding.77 as generally results from the action ot' the ordinary form of pump. There is also an advantage in arranging the plungers to operate in opposite directions, as the plungers thereby balance each other, so that no straining ot' the casing occurs when running atahigh rate ot' speed. This arrangement avoids the necessity ot mounting the pump upon heavy and expensive foundations, as all the strains are exerted between the crank-shaft and the pump-casing, and even this strain is greatly reduced by the oppositelymoving plungers balancing each other,v as above described.

The dividing of the vacuum-chamber into two compartments by the webs b3 and tubes b b2 is also a very important feature of my invention, as that part of the chamber on the opposite side of the tubes and webs from the inlet a forms a reservoir or space, into which the air already in the chamber and what is carried in by the iniiowing water escapes, so that it will not be carried up into the central chamber.

*the plungers and driving mechanism their operation is almost noiseless; hence pounding and other noises are greatly reduced..

The shaft will be coupled to or will form the main shaftof the engine which drives the pumps; hence no gearing or belting is necessary to connect the pump with the motive power, thereby dispensing with a large amount of extra machinery and apparatus. This direct connection could not be used with the ordinary form ot'pnmp. asl the motion would be too great. By my arrangement, however, the pumps can be runup toa speed of one hundred or more revolutions per minute, so that the pumps can be connected directly to the main shaft of any high-speedengine, and without interfering with-the ordinary use ot' the engine for other purposes besides operating the pumps.

This pumpwill be found particularly adapted for-use in forcing water up to the tanks used to operate freight and passenger elevators in buildings, and also to force water to the upper tioors of buildings for ordinary use. The pump will also be found to operate very advantageously in connection with gas or calorie engines and other small higlrspeed motors.

Great annoyance has heretofore occurred from the pounding or jarring` noise produced in the water-pipes running through buildings where the water has been forced into said pipes by pumps located on or near the premises, as the noise of the pumps and ot' the pressure ofthe water is vcarried throughout the building bythe vibrations and soundconducting qualities ot' the metal pipes. I

partially prevent this jarring by the smooth eoncussiouless manner in which my form of pump acts upon the water; but to entirely prevent this jarring and vibration ofthe pipe, I arrange in the discharge-pipe D a section of tubing formed of a material which is a nonconductor of sound. This non-conductor material may be formed of rubber or leather hose Z, (see Figs. l and 2,) or any other similar material which is strong enough to withstand the pressure ofthe water; or a section of wooden or soft-metal tubing may be used under some circumstances. The pipe D may be wrapped in felt or othersoft flexible substance; or the tube may be buried in the earth for a short distance, or any other means used to partially or entirely nullify the soundcon IIO force it in past the packing in the stnfngboxes into the central chamber, and ifa sufficient quantity thus tinds its way in, it will greatly interfere with the action ot' the pumps.

To prevent anysuch results, I connect the airchamber C to each of the cylinders by a tube or duet,7 whereby a pressure of water or a water-packing may be provided between the outside of the plunger and the inside of the cylinders, this water-pressure being greater than the air-pressure, so that no air can pass into the cylinder-chamber between theplungers and cylinders. Any suitable means may be used for making this-water connection between the air-chamber and the cylinders, either by boring ahole, n3, down into the par tition B3, and connecting this hole with the cylinders by a cross-hole. n", or by connecting the air-chamber and cylinders by tubes t t2, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, or in any other suitable manner. l The former means is preferable, however. Small grooves a5 will be turned out of the inside of the cylinders opposite the point where the water from the airchamber enters, so that the water will be free to iow entirely around the plungers and pack them equally on all sides.

Tile two compartments ofthe central chamher will be connected by a tube, L', having` a valve. L, so that. the pressure in the two compartments may be eqnalzed, if required. In trst starting the pumps it is sometimes neces sary to thus equalize the pressure, and hy this simple arrangement it may he easily accomplished by merely opening; the valve L, and the communication will be closed when the pumps are running regularly by closing the The combination ofthe plunger F F2, open to the outer air, the Water-chambers in which the plnngers work,'the airchamber C, communicating with the water-chambers, and the plunger-cylinders E' E?. having water-ducts l1,3 h4. leading from the air-chamber to theinner su rfaces ol' thesaid p lu nger-cyl i nders, whereby the pressure on the water in the ducts from the outer air. water in the waterchambers and in the air-chamber is equalized, for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereofI have hereuntoset my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JAMES WATERS.

Y Vitnesses:

C. N. WooDWARD, LoUis FEESER, Sr. 

